FMS transactions are implemented through FMS Letters of Offer and Acceptance (LOAs), often referred to as "FMS cases." We determined whether the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA)—Security Assistance Accounts (SAA) September 30, 2017, balance sheet was accurate and whether the DSCA and Defense Finance and Accounting Service (DFAS) implemented effective controls over financial reporting for the SAAs. Most individual country objectives did not meet the SMART criteria of being specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and results-oriented, and time-bound. McNerney, Michael J., Jefferson P. Marquis, S. Rebecca Zimmerman, and Ariel Klein, Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center, Autonomous Vehicles and the Future of Auto Insurance, Command and Control in U.S. DSCA-2 assessment, monitoring, and evaluation of security cooperation activities and continue to implement a workforce development program targeting all Department of Defense xii SMART Security Cooperation Objectives: Improving DoD Planning and Guidance Security cooperation objectives are the foundation of a system that allows policymakers and planners to assess foreign defense part- ners, monitor the performance of security cooperation programs, and … The entire security cooperation planning system needs to follow a SMART approach, with different levels of detail linking broad end states to concrete tasks. Defense Security Cooperation Agency Operation and Maintenance, Defense-Wide Fiscal Year (FY) 2021 Budget Estimates I. Please note that you should expect to receive a response from our team, regarding your inquiry, within 2 business days. This has typically been an area of strength for the United States in ensuring U.S. superiority in an era of strategic competition. e. Understanding of the SMART concept varied among stakeholders. How do stakeholders interpret security cooperation guidance, and do they find it sufficiently clear, detailed, and flexible? Most DoD Security Cooperation policy, organization, and activities (other than IAC) are led and managed by USD(Policy) rather than USD(Acquisition & Sustainment) and USD(Research & Engineering), but many U.S. Government/DoD Security Cooperation activities are implemented through USD(A&S), USD(R&E), and DoD Component acquisition-related IA&E efforts. Translating security cooperation goals into effective action is challenging, given the multitude of stakeholders, changing political and security environments, and resource limitations. ACQ 101 Lesson 4 Exam (ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT) 1) The Defense Security Cooperation Agency asks a Military Department to engage their acquisition counterparts in allied and friendly nations regarding the potential benefits of acquiring an upgraded U.S. system that could provide additional coalition capability in the region in order to bolster the U.S. influence in the region. Use Adobe Acrobat Reader version 10 or higher for the best experience. C1.1. Security cooperation is a force multiplier for the Department of Defense, developing and fostering a network of partners and allies, as well as improving the effectiveness of those partnerships. DoD Security Cooperation is defined in Joint Pub 1-02: All DoD interactions with foreign defense establishments to build defense relationships that promote specific US security interests, develop allied and friendly military capabilities for self-defense and multinational operations, and provide US forces with peacetime and contingency access to a host nation. RAND is nonprofit, nonpartisan, and committed to the public interest. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors. In particular, most objectives were not yet measureable or time-bound, and their achievability could not be determined. DAU does not charge DoD Components for faculty and staff time spent on Mission Assistance support efforts; it only asks that the organization requesting the assistance fund any travel or other incidental costs involved. DSCA Policy Memo 20-56, Pre-Case Review (PCR)* Policy --- Objectives and Requirements has been posted. to advance national policies and objectives. Upon request, DSMC-International is also available to provide Mission Assistance support on a space-available basis to DoD Component International Program Organizations (IPOs) and PMOs/IPTs involved in Sales and Transfers efforts. Theater engagement and theater security cooperation have been part of DOD’s lexicon for well over a decade. The DAU/Defense Systems Management College-International (DSMC-I) faculty has developed four JSTs that are specifically designed to assist Program Management Offices (PMOs) and their supporting Integrated Product Team (IPT) personnel in the identification, assessment, development, negotiation, and implementation of Security Cooperation-related defense acquisition workforce efforts: - Our International Acquisition and Exportability (IA&E) Assessment JST and companion Acquisition Strategy – International Considerations JST focus on PMO/IPT level IAC, Security Assistance (FMS), and BPC-related planning and implementation efforts. DoD security cooperation, which includes DoD-administered security assistance programs and international armaments cooperation, will be undertaken to … The 2005 SCG provided the combatant commands with SC objectives, ways to conduct SC, and priority countries. Ultimately, security cooperation funds improve the Department’s ability to promote global security Subject to subsection (c), the Secretary of Defense is authorized to support other departments and agencies of the United States Government for the purpose of implementing or supporting foreign assistance programs and activities described in subsection (b) that advance security cooperation objectives of the Department of Defense. SC activities include transferring defense articles and services, military-to-military exercises, ministerial advising, and train and equip programs. Definition and Purpose. Manage bilateral and multilateral fora to promote international cooperative programs and facilitate DoD access to new technology; and. Develop and oversee the implementation of defense policies on international cooperation in coordination with U.S. government agencies, foreign governments, and … These objectives include developing specific partner capabilities, building alliances and … More Our Values SC uses a combination of programs and activities by which DOD, in coordination with The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) should provide SMART criteria and prioritization guidance to combatant commands and evaluate their performance accordingly. This report evaluates DoD's effectiveness in developing SMART security cooperation objectives. DoD defines and validates requirements through the Joint Capabilities Integration and Development System (JCIDS) and develops technology, produces weapons systems, and provides logistics support though the Defense Acquisition System. The SMART concept has been used for several decades in the private sector to develop objectives that facilitate assessment, monitoring, and evaluation. DoD Directive 5200.41E, “DoD Regional Centers for Security Studies,” June 30, 2016, states that the RCs support U.S. defense strategy objectives and policy priorities through: offering executive development, strategic security studies (to program participants), research, and outreach that foster long-term collaborative relationships; Combatant command security cooperation planning was "SMARTer" than individual country objectives. DoD Directive 5132.03 provides DoD-wide policy and describes DoD organizational responsibilities regarding Security Cooperation activities. Date Changes; December 6-12, 2020. Also available in print form. The Pardee RAND Graduate School (PRGS.edu) is the largest public policy Ph.D. program in the nation and the only program based at an independent public policy research organization—the RAND Corporation. The primary source of day-to-day guidance on Security Assistance and BPC policies and practices is the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA)-issued Security Assistance Management Manual (eSAMM). This report is part of the RAND Corporation research report series. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA) administers the FMS program. OSD and the Joint Staff should work with combatant commands to create a SMART security cooperation planning system centered around country plans. IA&E Assessment results should be used to establish the international involvement aspects of a program’s initial Acquisition Strategy. The program is now overseen by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency through the Defense Security Cooperation University and the Institute for Security Governance. DoD Security Cooperation includes International Armaments Cooperation (IAC) activities as well as the various elements of Security Assistance, including Foreign Military Sales (FMS) and Building Partner Capacity (BPC). Our goal is to advance this understanding throughout the Department of Defense, so that all personnel understand the role of gender in our operations … The purchasing government pays all costs associated with a sale. 10 … Although most country plan objectives failed the SMART test, country plans overall and other supporting documents showed more-positive results. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2016. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1430.html. To what extent do the security cooperation objectives used by U.S. European Command, U.S. Pacific Command, and U.S. Southern Command meet the SMART criteria of being specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and results-oriented, and time-bound? - Our International Business Planning JST addresses PMO/IPT-level Security Cooperation planning and implementation considerations for programs with substantial ongoing/anticipated Sales and Transfers-related activity. Subscribe to the weekly Policy Currents newsletter to receive updates on the issues that matter most. SC comprises all activities undertaken by the Department of Defense (DoD) to encourage and enable international partners to work with the United States to achieve strategic objectives. The SMART concept has been used for several decades in the private sector to develop objectives that … It also proposes a systematic approach to developing security cooperation objectives for use by policymakers, planners, program managers, and resource managers. Please enable scripts and reload this page. USG/DoD Security Cooperation efforts provide U.S.-origin defense equipment, logistics support, and training to our allies and friends around the globe in support USG/DoD national security and defense strategic objectives. How might they be revised to better meet the SMART criteria? DSCA administers security cooperation programs that support U.S. policy interests and objectives identified by the White House, Department of Defense, and Department of State. State Department Role In response to concerns raised by the security cooperation community and in an effort to support continuous process improvement within the FMS process, this memorandum revises the Security Assistance Management Manual (SAMM) to … DSCA’s mission is to advance U.S. national security and foreign policy interests by building the capacity of foreign security forces to respond to shared challenges. It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. To help ensure that limited security cooperation resources are properly directed for greatest effect, the U.S. Department of Defense has highlighted the need to develop security cooperation objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and results-oriented, and time-bound (SMART). Combatant command security cooperation planning could benefit from greater standardization. Combatant commands should integrate security cooperation elements of planning under a single authority. McNerney, Michael J., Jefferson P. Marquis, S. Rebecca Zimmerman, and Ariel Klein, SMART Security Cooperation Objectives: Improving DoD Planning and Guidance. DSCA leads the broader U.S. security cooperation enterprise in its efforts to train, educate, advise, and equip foreign partners. Guidance Documents: DoD Directive 5132.03 -- DoD Policy and Responsibilities Relating to Security Cooperation cooperation (SC) to refer broadly to DOD interactions with foreign security establishments. This research was sponsored by the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Security Cooperation and conducted within the International Security and Defense Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the defense Intelligence Community. Coordinates oversight of CWMD research, development, and acquisition activities with the USD(P), USD(P&R), Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence, and Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering. DoD Security Cooperation is defined in Joint Pub 1-02: All DoD interactions with foreign … Creating SMART country objectives is not enough. The 2018 National Defense Strategy elevated security cooperation in stressing the importance of "Strengthening alliances and attracting new partners." Objective: All defense security personnel that are in positions that require ... Security is a mission critical function of the Department of Defense (DoD). The Military Departments and Defense agencies are responsible for daily operational The NDAA did not identify from where within DOD’s budget such transfers would be derived but specified that the authority may only be used when foreign assistance programming is necessary for the effectiveness of DOD security cooperation and cannot be carried out by DOD. An overarching policy document, nested within DoD policies on acquisition (DoDD 5000.01) and security cooperation (DoDD 5132.03), is needed to articulate the policy objectives of IAC, outline processes that equitably integrate acquisition and international cooperation objectives, and clarify roles and responsibilities for involved stakeholders. Responsibility and priority for developing country objectives differed by combatant command. Upon request, DSMC-International is also available to provide, International Acquisition & Exportability (IA&E) Overview, International Acquisition Career Path (IACP), IA&E Job Support Tools (JSTs) and Lessons Learned, Ask a Question / Share an Idea (Login required). - Security Cooperation (SC) C1.1.1. Department of Defense security cooperation program information, not published on ForeignAssistance.gov, will be published on this site in the interests of improved transparency. The U.S. Department of Defense should incorporate the SMART concept more formally into security cooperation training. History. To what extent are current security cooperation objectives appropriately specified, aligned, prioritized, and measured? Assistant Policy Researcher, RAND; Ph.D. Student, Pardee RAND Graduate School, by Michael J. McNerney, Jefferson P. Marquis, S. Rebecca Zimmerman, Ariel Klein. The RAND Corporation is a research organization that develops solutions to public policy challenges to help make communities throughout the world safer and more secure, healthier and more prosperous. To help ensure that limited security cooperation resources are properly directed for greatest effect, the U.S. Department of Defense has highlighted the need to develop security cooperation objectives that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant and results-oriented, and time-bound (SMART). For the most part, communication of the SMART concept was informal and ad hoc. RAND reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. OSD should establish a security cooperation framework that links SMART objectives to assessment, monitoring, and evaluation processes and requirements at the strategic and country level. However, countervailing priorities in the current U.S. administration challenge this formulation. - Our International Cooperative Program (ICP) JST provides practical advice on how to identify IAC opportunities and establish/implement DoD Component ICPs from a PMO/IPT perspective. advance DOD security cooperation objectives. You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Historically programs with a significant level of projec… Security Cooperation Relationships SC Related Activities and Operations Department of Defense (DOD) policy supports SC activities that enable building security relationships, building partner capacity, and gaining/maintaining access. The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. SMART objectives did not adequately serve as a foundation for security cooperation assessment, monitoring, and evaluation. Combatant commands have different objective hierarchies, and they do not define their terms in the same way. May 8, 2019 — Objective. OSD and the Joint Staff should work with combatant commands to establish a common theater planning hierarchy for security cooperation objectives, with standard terminology and a standard SMART objective review process. Security cooperation enables the United States to deepen its global alliances and partnerships in pursuit of common security objectives. Ongoing changes in the geopolitical landscape and increasing public skepticism of the return on investment for security cooperation, including from President-elect Donald Trump, underscore the need for the new administration and Congress to work … - Our FMS - Systems Acquisition JST provides practical advice on how to integrate FMS systems acquisition-related activities at the PMO/IPT level. The Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) published documents titled Security Cooperation Guidance (SCG) in April 2003 and November 2005. The Defense Security Cooperation Agency . The authors present a detailed evaluation of the extent to which the security cooperation objectives used by U.S. European Command, U.S. Pacific Command, and U.S. Southern Command meet the SMART criteria, and they recommend changes to improve DoD security cooperation guidance and planning. 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